Chip-based Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy distinguishes itself from conventional objective-based TIRF by introducing excitation light directly into the sample holder through optical waveguides integrated on a chip. This innovative approach allows for exceptionally wide fields of view while ensuring uniform illumination across the sample. The utilization of on-chip waveguides not only streamlines the optical pathway but also enhances imaging capabilities, making chip-based TIRF microscopy a powerful tool for observing dynamic processes with unprecedented clarity and consistency.